37 guides · CPR-aligned · England & Wales

How to take it
to court. Properly.

Plain-English explainers of every step you’ll take as a litigant in person. Written from the Civil Procedure Rules, not from Reddit.

1Pre-Claim Stage

Pre-Claim Stage

Essential steps before filing your claim. Learn about letters before action, gathering evidence, and understanding your rights.

3After Filing

After Filing

What happens after you submit your claim. Understand defendant responses, mediation requirements, and case management.

5After You Win

After You Win

Won your case but not been paid? Discover enforcement options including bailiffs, attachment of earnings, and charging orders.

6Claim Type Guides

Claim Type Guides

Specific guidance for different types of claims including unpaid invoices, faulty goods, breach of contract, and more.

Claim Type Guides

Claiming for Unpaid Invoices

How to take someone to small claims court for unpaid invoices. Includes guidance for freelancers, contractors, and small businesses.

8 MIN READ · 09 APR 2026
Claim Type Guides

How to Claim for Consumer Rights Breaches

Complete guide to claiming compensation when sellers misrepresent products or breach consumer rights. Covers false advertising, misdescription, and refund disputes.

9 MIN READ · 09 APR 2026
Claim Type Guides

How to Claim for Faulty or Incomplete Services

Guide to claiming against tradespeople, contractors, and service providers who failed to complete work properly or to an acceptable standard.

10 MIN READ · 09 APR 2026
Claim Type Guides

How to Claim for Subscription and Digital Service Disputes

Guide to claiming refunds for gym memberships, streaming services, and other subscriptions where you were charged after cancellation or for services not delivered.

8 MIN READ · 09 APR 2026
Claim Type Guides

How to Claim for Faulty or Undelivered Goods

Complete guide to claiming refunds for items bought online that arrived damaged, faulty, or never arrived. Covers your rights under the Consumer Rights Act 2015.

9 MIN READ · 09 APR 2026
Claim Type Guides

How to Claim Flight Delay Compensation

Complete guide to claiming compensation for flight delays and cancellations under EC Regulation 261/2004. Includes what you can claim and how to make your case.

10 MIN READ · 09 APR 2026
Claim Type Guides

How to Claim Repayment of Private Loans

Guide to recovering money lent to friends or family members through small claims court. Covers IOUs, verbal agreements, and proving the loan existed.

9 MIN READ · 09 APR 2026
Claim Type Guides

How to Claim for Unpaid Shared Bills

Guide to recovering money from flatmates or others who have not paid their share of bills, utilities, or joint expenses.

8 MIN READ · 09 APR 2026
Claim Type Guides

How to Claim Refund of Overpayments

Guide to recovering money paid by mistake, duplicate payments, or overpayments where refunds have been refused.

7 MIN READ · 09 APR 2026
Claim Type Guides

How to Claim for Professional Negligence

Guide to claiming against solicitors, accountants, surveyors, and other professionals who provided negligent advice or services.

10 MIN READ · 09 APR 2026
Claim Type Guides

How to Claim for Cancelled Services Not Refunded

Guide to claiming refunds when training courses, coaching sessions, consultations, or other paid services are cancelled without refund.

7 MIN READ · 09 APR 2026
Claim Type Guides

How to Claim for Tenancy Deposit Disputes

Complete guide to recovering tenancy deposits where landlords have made unfair deductions or failed to return your deposit.

11 MIN READ · 09 APR 2026
Claim Type Guides

How to Claim for Rent Arrears or Overpayments

Guide to claiming unpaid rent from tenants or recovering overpaid rent from landlords through small claims court.

8 MIN READ · 09 APR 2026
Claim Type Guides

How to Claim for Housing Disrepair

Guide to claiming compensation from landlords for failure to repair property and for damage caused by poor housing conditions.

10 MIN READ · 09 APR 2026
Claim Type Guides

How to Claim for Defective Building Work

Guide to claiming against builders for defective, incomplete, or overpriced work. Covers construction disputes and remedial costs.

10 MIN READ · 09 APR 2026
Claim Type Guides

How to Claim for Used Car Disputes

Complete guide to claiming against car dealers for misrepresentation, mileage fraud, hidden faults, and other used car problems.

10 MIN READ · 09 APR 2026
Claim Type Guides

How to Claim for Vehicle Repair Disputes

Guide to claiming against garages for faulty repairs, unnecessary work, or damage caused during servicing.

8 MIN READ · 09 APR 2026
Claim Type Guides

How to Claim for Diesel Emissions Mis-Selling

Guide to claiming for mis-sold diesel vehicles, emissions misrepresentation, and Clean Air Zone charge disputes.

8 MIN READ · 09 APR 2026
Claim Type Guides

How to Claim for Rejected Insurance Claims

Guide to challenging insurance companies that have wrongly rejected valid claims or unreasonably delayed payment.

9 MIN READ · 09 APR 2026
Claim Type Guides

How to Claim Back Insurance Excess

Guide to recovering insurance excess payments where the wrong amount was charged or where it should be refunded after a non-fault claim.

7 MIN READ · 09 APR 2026
8Employment Tribunal

Employment Tribunal

Guides for employment tribunal claims including unfair dismissal, discrimination, unpaid wages, ACAS conciliation, and ET1 filing.

Employment Tribunal

How to Claim Unfair Dismissal at an Employment Tribunal

Step-by-step guide covering the qualifying period (2 years), automatically unfair reasons, the ET1 process, and what to expect at an employment tribunal hearing.

15 MIN READ · 19 MAR 2026
Employment Tribunal

ACAS Early Conciliation: Complete Guide

Explains the mandatory ACAS early conciliation step before making an employment tribunal claim, how it works, the timeline, and what happens if conciliation fails.

10 MIN READ · 19 MAR 2026
Employment Tribunal

Discrimination at Work: Your Rights and How to Claim

Protected characteristics under the Equality Act 2010, types of discrimination, the burden of proof, Vento bands for compensation, and how to bring a tribunal claim.

12 MIN READ · 19 MAR 2026
Employment Tribunal

Constructive Dismissal: How to Build Your Case

When you resign because of your employer's conduct — what counts as a repudiatory breach, how to prove it, and the practical steps to building a successful constructive dismissal claim.

12 MIN READ · 19 MAR 2026
Employment Tribunal

Employment Tribunal: Step by Step Guide

The complete process from initial workplace complaint through ACAS conciliation, filing your ET1, case management, disclosure, witness statements, the hearing, and beyond.

18 MIN READ · 19 MAR 2026
Employment Tribunal

Claiming Unpaid Wages, Notice Pay, and Holiday Pay

How to claim money your employer owes you through the employment tribunal — covering unpaid wages, notice pay, holiday pay, and redundancy pay.

10 MIN READ · 19 MAR 2026
37 guides
Written by litigation paralegals, reviewed by a solicitor.
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CPR 2025
Updated for the November 2025 Civil Procedure Rules amendments.
E & W
For England & Wales. Scotland and NI procedures differ — see notes on each guide.

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